{"id":9857,"date":"2025-03-22T11:48:21","date_gmt":"2025-03-22T03:48:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/?p=9857"},"modified":"2025-03-22T11:48:21","modified_gmt":"2025-03-22T03:48:21","slug":"%e9%98%85%e8%af%bb%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%ef%bc%9a%e8%ae%a4%e7%9f%a5%e8%b4%9f%e8%8d%b7%ef%bc%88cognitive-workload%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/?p=9857","title":{"rendered":"\u9605\u8bfb\u7b14\u8bb0\uff1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff08Cognitive Workload\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u672c\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e3b\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377<\/a>\uff1f\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u8d1f\u8377<\/a>\u7b49\u7b49\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u5417\uff1f\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u5982\u4f55\u6d4b\u91cf\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u91d1\u6807\u51c6\uff1f<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u96be\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \n\n\n\n

    \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff1f\u548c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u8d1f\u8377\u7b49\u7b49\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u5417\uff1f\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u4e00\u822c\u7684\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff08Cognitive Workload\uff09\u8868\u5f81\u5de5\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u8111\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u7cbe\u795e\u8d1f\u8377\uff08Mental Workload\uff09\u3001\u8111\u529b\u8d1f\u8377\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u8d1f\u8377\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u666e\u904d\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7ef4\u6982\u5ff5\u30021977\u5e74\u5317\u7ea6\u4eba\u56e0\u7279\u522b\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u201c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u6d4b\u91cf\u201d(Mental workload: its theory and measurement)\u4e13\u9898\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u6d89\u53ca\u4efb\u52a1\u9700\u6c42(task demand)\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u538b\u529b(time pressure)\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u8005\u80fd\u529b(operator’s capacity)\u3001\u52aa\u529b\u7a0b\u5ea6(effort)\u3001\u7ee9\u6548( performance)\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u4f17\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n

    Wickens\u5c06\u8ba4\u77e5\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u4efb\u52a1\u5bf9\u8d44\u6e90\u7684(\u5b9a\u91cf)\u9700\u6c42\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u3002
    Cain\u5c06\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u4e00\u79cd\u5fc3\u7406\u6784\u9020\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u64cd\u4f5c\u5458\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9700\u6c42\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u201d\u3002
    Fernandez\u5c06\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u4ed8\u51fa\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u8111\u529b\u52aa\u529b\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u4e0a\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002
    Rivecourt\u5c06\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u5f53\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7\u53ef\u7528\u5bb9\u91cf\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002
    Abbass\u7b49\u4eba\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u8d1f\u8377\u548c\u7531\u5916\u90e8\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20(\u5982\u64cd\u4f5c\u5458\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b)\u65bd\u52a0\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u8d1f\u8377\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u7a0b\u4e3a:<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"\/<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"\/<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u662f\u5916\u754c\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u4efb\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u73af\u5883\u56e0\u7d20\u7b49\uff09\u4e0e\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u5185\u5728\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u4f5c\u4e1a\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u52aa\u529b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7b49\uff09\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u800c\u5171\u540c\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u7279\u5b9a\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u52aa\u529b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u3002\u5728\u666e\u904d\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u53ef\u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4efb\u52a1\u6240\u9700\u8111\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0e\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u8111\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u4e4b\u6bd4\uff0c\u5373\u8111\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u4e0e\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u7406\u89e3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5206\u6790\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u6700\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u6a21\u578b\u662f Wickens \u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u8d44\u6e90\u7406\u8bba\uff08Multiple Resource Theory\uff0cMRT\uff09\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u82e5\u5e72\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u53ef\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"\/<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u7c97\u7cd9\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4eba\u8111\u7684\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\uff09\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eb8\u76d2\u5b50\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u76d2\u76d2\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u653e\u8fdb\u76d2\u5b50\u91cc\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u53d6\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    MRT \u7406\u8bba\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7ee9\u6548\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u77ed\u7f3a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u5360\u7528\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u591a\u5c11\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"\/<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    \u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5feb\u901f\u75b2\u52b3\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u964d\u4f4e\u3001\u5e94\u6fc0\u53cd\u5e94\u3001\u4eba\u8bef\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u632b\u8d25\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u4fe1\u606f\u83b7\u53d6\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5931\u8bef\u548c\u51b3\u7b56\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u9020\u6210\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7ee9\u6548\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4eba\u56e0\u4e8b\u6545\u3001\u5f15\u53d1\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\uff1b\u800c\u8fc7\u4f4e\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4eba\u529b\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u3001\u5f15\u8d77\u538c\u6076\u611f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7ee9\u6548\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\u3002[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u8bc4\u4f30\u6216\u9884\u6d4b\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u5730\u5747\u8861\u5206\u914d\u5de5\u4f5c\u4efb\u52a1,\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u8d85\u8d1f\u8377\u548c\u8fc7\u4f4e\u8d1f\u8377\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u5408\u7406\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5206\u6790\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n\n

    \u5982\u4f55\u6d4b\u91cf\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u91d1\u6807\u51c6\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u6839\u636e\u524d\u8ff0\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u89c2\u6d4b\u884c\u4e3a\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u548c\u751f\u7406\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u95f4\u63a5\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u4f30\u8ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e3b\u89c2\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u5ba2\u89c2\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u4e3b\u89c2\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u4e3b\u89c2\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e3b\u8981\u6307\u7528\u6237\u7684\u81ea\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u95ee\u5377\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u95ee\u5377\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684RSME\uff08Rating Scale Mental Effort\uff09\u548c\u591a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684NASA-TLX<\/a>\uff08National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index\uff09\u548cSWAT\uff08Subjective Workload Assessment Technique\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5ba2\u89c2\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u5ba2\u89c2\u8bc4\u4f30\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5c55\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u795e\u7ecf\u751f\u7406\u5b66<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    EEG\uff1aEEG\u4e0d\u540c\u9891\u6bb5\u7684\u529f\u7387\u8c31\u5bc6\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    fNIRS<\/a>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u6d4b\u5927\u8111\u76ae\u5c42\u7684\u6c27\u5408(HbO)\u548c\u7f3a\u6c27(HbR)\u8840\u7ea2\u86cb\u767d\u6c34\u5e73\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u5927\u8111\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7a0b\u5ea6<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u751f\u7406\u5b66<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    ECG\uff1a\u4eba\u5728\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8377\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5fc3\u7387\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f9b\u5e94\u8eab\u4f53\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u542b\u6c27\u8840\u6db2\u3002\u5fc3\u7535\u56fe\u6d4b\u91cf\u5fc3\u810f\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7535\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9bANS\u548c\u5e94\u6fc0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5fc3\u7387\u53d8\u5f02\u6027<\/a>(HRV)\u3001\u8df3\u95f4\u95f4\u9694(IBI)\u548c\u8840\u538b(BP)\u7b49\u6307\u6807\u5df2\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u5bf9\u8ba4\u77e5\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u654f\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    \u884c\u4e3a\u5b66<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u884c\u4e3a\u5b66\u5ea6\u91cf\u5305\u62eckeystroke dynamics, mouse tracking \u548cbody positioning\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u4efb\u52a1\u7ee9\u6548\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7387\u3001\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5b8c\u6210\u901f\u5ea6\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n\n

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    \u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6311\u6218\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \uff081\uff09\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u6709\u6548\u5ea6\u91cf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u6709\u6548\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u3001\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \uff082\uff09\u8de8\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u8de8\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u8bc6\u522b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u6b63\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd Ryan M. Hope \u7b49\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u68c0\u6d4b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u9884\u6d4b\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u95f4\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\uff08The \u2018holy grail\u2019 of workload classifiers would be able to predict the workload level of any subject performing any task on any given day.\uff09\u3002\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u9996\u5148\u89e3\u51b3\u8ba4\u77e5\u8d1f\u8377\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u7684\u8de8\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u8de8\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u9002\u7528\u6027\u3002[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n\n

    \u53c2\u8003<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    1. ^a<\/a><\/sup>b<\/a><\/sup>\u67ef\u4f59\u5cf0. \u8111\u529b\u8d1f\u8377\u7684\u8111\u7535\u54cd\u5e94\u3001\u8bc6\u522b\u4e0e\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u8111\u2014\u673a\u4ea4\u4e92\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76[D].\u5929\u6d25\u5927\u5b66,2017.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. ^<\/a>\u660e\u4e1c,\u67ef\u4f59\u5cf0,\u4f55\u5cf0,\u8d75\u6b23,\u738b\u6625\u6167,\u7da6\u5b8f\u5fd7,\u7126\u5b66\u519b,\u5f20\u529b\u65b0,\u9648\u5584\u5e7f.\u57fa\u4e8e\u751f\u7406\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u8111\u529b\u8d1f\u8377\u68c0\u6d4b\u53ca\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76:40\u5e74\u56de\u987e\u4e0e\u6700\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55[J].\u7535\u5b50\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e0e\u4eea\u5668\u5b66\u62a5,2015,29(01):1-13.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. ^<\/a>Debie, Essam, et al. “Multimodal fusion for objective assessment of cognitive workload: a review.” IEEE transactions on cybernetics 51.3 (2019): 1542-1555.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    4. ^<\/a>Zhou, Yueying, et al. “Cognitive Workload Recognition Using EEG Signals and Machine Learning: A Review.” IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems (2021).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      \u7f16\u8f91\u4e8e 2021-08-30 20:18
      https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/405159568<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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