{"id":9005,"date":"2024-10-09T12:18:29","date_gmt":"2024-10-09T04:18:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/?p=9005"},"modified":"2024-10-18T12:19:24","modified_gmt":"2024-10-18T04:19:24","slug":"%e4%b8%80%e6%96%87%e6%a6%82%e8%a7%88%e8%a5%bf%e6%96%b9%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%a6%e5%8f%91%e5%b1%95%e5%8e%86%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/?p=9005","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u6587\u6982\u89c8\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><div class='fancybox-wrapper lazyload-container-unload' data-fancybox='post-images' href='https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-6b4359c2e8b7f0c522c359ff1ccb87c7_720w.webp'><img class=\"lazyload lazyload-style-1\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PCEtLUFyZ29uTG9hZGluZy0tPgo8c3ZnIHdpZHRoPSIxIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjEiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIgc3Ryb2tlPSIjZmZmZmZmMDAiPjxnPjwvZz4KPC9zdmc+\"  decoding=\"async\" data-original=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-6b4359c2e8b7f0c522c359ff1ccb87c7_720w.webp\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB\/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\" alt=\"\"\/><\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u795e\u8bdd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d6\u4e16\u7eaa &#8211; \u516c\u5143\u524d4\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e4\u7f57\u9a6c\u54f2\u5b66\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d3\u4e16\u7eaa\u81f3\u516c\u51435\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u54f2\u5b66\uff08\u516c\u51435\u4e16\u7eaa &#8211; \u516c\u514315\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u54f2\u5b66\uff0814\u4e16\u7eaa &#8211; 17\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff0817\u4e16\u7eaa &#8211; 18\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66\uff0818\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b &#8211; 19\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff0820\u4e16\u7eaa\u81f3\u4eca\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001 \u5404\u54f2\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u53d1\u5c55\u8f6c\u53d8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u2192\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u54f2\u5b66 \u2192 \u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u54f2\u5b66 \u2192 \u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66 \u2192 \u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66 \u2192 \u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u5404\u9636\u6bb5\u54f2\u5b66\u6d41\u6d3e\u6f14\u53d8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.1 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\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.51 \u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.52 \u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.53 \u793e\u4f1a\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.54 \u81ea\u7136\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.6 \u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.61 \u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.62 \u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.63 \u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.64 \u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.7 \u8fd1\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.71 \u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.72 \u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.74 \u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.8 \u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.81 \u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b66\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.82 \u5b9e\u5728\u8bba\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.83 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\u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u7b80\u4ecb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u6e90\u8fdc\u6d41\u957f\u3001\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u6837\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5386\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\uff0c\u5e76\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u6570\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u6f14\u53d8\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u8981\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u795e\u8bdd\u65f6\u4ee3&#8212;&#8211;\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66&#8212;&#8212;-\u53e4\u7f57\u9a6c\u54f2\u5b66&#8212;&#8212;\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u54f2\u5b66&#8212;&#8211;\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u54f2\u5b66&#8212;&#8212;\u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66&#8212;&#8212;-\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66\uff08\u8fd1\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff09&#8212;&#8212;\u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u795e\u8bdd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u7528\u795e\u8bdd\u548c\u4f20\u8bf4\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u73b0\u8c61\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6545\u4e8b\u5305\u542b\u7740\u8bf8\u795e\u548c\u82f1\u96c4\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d6\u4e16\u7eaa &#8211; 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&#8211; \u516c\u514315\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u54f2\u5b66\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u7406\u6027\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002\u5723\u5965\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u5c06\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u795e\u5b66\u4e0e\u53e4\u5178\u601d\u60f3\u76f8\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u963f\u594e\u90a3\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u7528\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u6765\u89e3\u8bfb\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u521b\u7acb\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u54f2\u5b66\uff0814\u4e16\u7eaa &#8211; 17\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u590d\u5174\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u7e41\u8363\u76f8\u4f34\u800c\u751f\u3002\u4f3d\u5229\u7565\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u89c2\u5bdf\u6765\u63a8\u52a8\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u57f9\u6839\u4e3b\u5f20\u901a\u8fc7\u611f\u77e5\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u771f\u77e5\u707c\u89c1\uff0c\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u5219\u4ee5\u6000\u7591\u8bba\u4e3a\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u6c89\u601d\u5f55\u300b\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u6211\u601d\u6545\u6211\u5728\u201d\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff0817\u4e16\u7eaa &#8211; 18\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u7406\u6027\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u4eba\u6743\u3002\u4f11\u8c1f\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u611f\u89c2\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5bf9\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u6d1b\u514b\u4e3b\u5f20\u4eba\u7c7b\u5929\u751f\u5177\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u5bf9\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5eb7\u5fb7\u5219\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u9053\u5fb7\u539f\u5219\u548c\u81ea\u5f8b\u7684\u7406\u6027\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66\uff0818\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b &#8211; 19\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u6279\u5224\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\u548c\u5c3c\u91c7\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u6279\u5224\u54f2\u5b66\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u5224\u65ad\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\u5f3a\u8c03\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7edd\u5bf9\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u5c3c\u91c7\u5219\u8d28\u7591\u4f20\u7edf\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e2a\u4f53\u8d85\u8d8a\u5e73\u5eb8\u548c\u4ece\u4f17\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e2a\u4eba\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff0820\u4e16\u7eaa\u81f3\u4eca\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u540e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u601d\u6f6e\u3002\u7f57\u7d20\u548c\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u6027\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u89e3\u51b3\u54f2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8428\u7279\u4ee5\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001 \u5404\u54f2\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u53d1\u5c55\u8f6c\u53d8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u2192\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d4\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u9010\u6e10\u8870\u843d\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u54f2\u5b66\u5f00\u59cb\u5174\u8d77\u3002\u53d7\u5230\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u6210\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6d41\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u795e\u5b66\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u54f2\u5b66 \u2192 \u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u91cd\u65b0\u5524\u8d77\u4e86\u5bf9\u53e4\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u548c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u53e4\u5178\u6587\u5316\u548c\u53e4\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u518d\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f00\u59cb\u501f\u9274\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u601d\u60f3\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u54f2\u5b66 \u2192 \u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u65b0\u601d\u6f6e\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5f3a\u8c03\u7406\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u8d28\u7591\u4f20\u7edf\u6743\u5a01\u548c\u8ffd\u6c42\u4eba\u7c7b\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66 \u2192 \u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u5bf9\u7406\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6d41\u6d3e\u3002\u5eb7\u5fb7\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u8d85\u8d8a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u54f2\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u5219\u5f3a\u8c03\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66 \u2192 \u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>19\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b20\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5f00\u59cb\u7ecf\u5386\u591a\u5143\u5316\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u540e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u601d\u6f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6d41\u6d3e\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u54f2\u5b66\u89c2\u5ff5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u548c\u8bae\u9898\u4e0a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u90fd\u662f\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u548c\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u6587\u5316\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4ece\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u5230\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u591a\u5143\u5316\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u5728\u524d\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6269\u5c55\u548c\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u7740\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u5404\u9636\u6bb5\u54f2\u5b66\u6d41\u6d3e\u6f14\u53d8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.1 \u795e\u8bdd\u65f6\u4ee3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u795e\u8bdd\u6545\u4e8b\u548c\u4f20\u8bf4 &#8211; \u5728\u53e4\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\uff0c\u795e\u8bdd\u6545\u4e8b\u548c\u4f20\u8bf4\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u81ea\u7136\u73b0\u8c61\u3001\u63cf\u7ed8\u795e\u7075\u548c\u82f1\u96c4\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8868\u8fbe\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8d6b\u897f\u5965\u5fb7\uff08Hesiod\uff09- \u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u795e\u8c31\u300b\u4e2d\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u795e\u8bdd\u521b\u4e16\u795e\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u9053\u5fb7\u51c6\u5219\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u4f26\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6cd5\u5217\u65af\uff08Pherecydes\uff09- \u4ed6\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u795e\u79d8\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5173\u6ce8\u5b87\u5b99\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.2 \u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.21 \u81ea\u7136\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6cf0\u52d2\u65af\uff08Thales\uff09- \u4ed6\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u4e07\u7269\u7686\u6c34\u201d\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bd5\u8fbe\u54e5\u62c9\u65af\uff08Pythagoras\uff09\uff1a\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u6570\u5b66\u548c\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6027\u548c\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u897f\u95e8\u5e95\u514b\uff08Anaximander\uff09- \u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f20\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u9650\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u7269\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8d6b\u62c9\u514b\u5229\u7279\uff08Heraclitus\uff09- \u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e07\u7269\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u6d41\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u6d41\u201d\u548c\u201c\u77db\u76fe\u7edf\u4e00\u201d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.22 \u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u6d3e\uff08\u5e0c\u814a\u9053\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b66\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\uff08Socrates\uff09\uff1a\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u4f26\u7406\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8bdd\u548c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u8003\u6765\u8ffd\u6c42\u667a\u6167\u548c\u771f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\uff08Plato\uff09\uff1a\u5c06\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7406\u5ff5\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u8bba\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u6b63\u4e49\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.23 \u81ea\u7136\u7814\u7a76\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\uff08Aristotle\uff09\uff1a\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u903b\u8f91\u5b66\u3001\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u89c2\u5bdf\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.24 \u4f0a\u58c1\u9e20\u9c81\u5b66\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7231\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\uff08Epicurus\uff09- \u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f20\u8ffd\u6c42\u5feb\u4e50\u548c\u907f\u514d\u75db\u82e6\u662f\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5feb\u4e50\u81f3\u5584\u201d\u548c\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5362\u514b\u5229\u4e4c\u65af\uff08Lucretius\uff09- \u4ed6\u5728\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u8bba\u7269\u8d28\u6027\u8d28\u300b\u4e2d\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u4f0a\u58c1\u9e20\u9c81\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\u548c\u5fc3\u7075\u7684\u4e0d\u6b7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u6d3e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u54f2\u5b66\u6ce8\u91cd\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u5b87\u5b99\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\uff1b\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u54f2\u5b66\u5173\u6ce8\u7406\u5ff5\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u7075\u9b42\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff1b\u4f0a\u58c1\u9e20\u9c81\u5b66\u6d3e\u5f3a\u8c03\u5feb\u4e50\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1b\u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u5b66\u6d3e\u7740\u91cd\u4e8e\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u547d\u8fd0\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u4eec\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u540e\u6765\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.3 \u53e4\u7f57\u9a6c\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.31 \u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u5b66\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u585e\u5185\u5361\uff08Seneca\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6ce8\u91cd\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5185\u5fc3\u7684\u5e73\u9759\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u57c3\u76ae\u56fe\u9c81\u65af\uff08Epictetus\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f\u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u4e2a\u4f53\u610f\u5fd7\u548c\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u7701\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u5236\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e78\u798f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.32 \u53cd\u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5854\u897f\u4f57\uff08Tacitus\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u5bf9\u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u5b66\u6d3e\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7406\u6027\u800c\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8377\u62c9\u63d0\u4e4c\u65af\uff08Gaius Herennius\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u5854\u897f\u4f57\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u4e86\u53cd\u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u6d3e\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.33 \u65b0\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u666e\u7f57\u63d0\u8bfa\uff08Plotinus\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u65b0\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u4f53\u7075\u9b42\u4e0e\u81f3\u9ad8\u65e0\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u7075\u6027\u4e0a\u7684\u5408\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6ce2\u91cc\u4fee\u65af\uff08Porphyry\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u666e\u7f57\u63d0\u8bfa\u7684\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u5e76\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u65b0\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.34 \u8001\u6234\u5965\u5c3c\u4fee\u65af\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u57c3\u76ae\u5e93\u7f57\uff08Epikouros\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u8001\u6234\u5965\u5c3c\u4fee\u65af\u6d3e\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u8ffd\u6c42\u5feb\u4e50\u548c\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3b\u5f20\u901a\u8fc7\u907f\u514d\u75db\u82e6\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u5e78\u798f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5362\u514b\u96f7\u4fee\u65af\uff08Lucretius\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u53e4\u7f57\u9a6c\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8001\u6234\u5965\u5c3c\u4fee\u65af\u6d3e\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u8bba\u81ea\u7136\u300b\uff08De Rerum Natura\uff09\u95fb\u540d\uff0c\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.35 \u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u6d3e\u548c\u65b0\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5408\u6d41\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u65af\u00b7\u5965\u52d2\u7559\uff08Marcus Aurelius\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u7687\u5e1d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u6c89\u601d\u5f55\u300b\uff08Meditations\uff09\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u6d3e\u7684\u4f26\u7406\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u65b0\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7075\u6027\u8ffd\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u53e4\u7f57\u9a6c\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u6d3e\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u5b66\u6d3e\u6ce8\u91cd\u4f26\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u5185\u5fc3\u5e73\u9759\uff0c\u53cd\u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u6d3e\u5bf9\u65af\u591a\u4e9a\u5b66\u6d3e\u63d0\u51fa\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u65b0\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u4f53\u7075\u9b42\u4e0e\u81f3\u9ad8\u65e0\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u201d\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u8001\u6234\u5965\u5c3c\u4fee\u65af\u6d3e\u4e3b\u5f20\u8ffd\u6c42\u5feb\u4e50\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d41\u6d3e\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u4e3a\u53e4\u7f57\u9a6c\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u591a\u6837\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.4 \u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.41 \u57fa\u7763\u5b97\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5965\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\uff08Augustine\uff09- \u4ed6\u662f\u65e9\u671f\u57fa\u7763\u5b97\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u7406\u6027\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u548c\u6076\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u963f\u594e\u90a3\uff08Thomas Aquinas\uff09- \u4ed6\u5c06\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u795e\u5b66\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u7406\u6027\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.42 \u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7a46\u5c14\u82cf\u4e01\u2022\u4f0a\u672c\u2022\u963f\u62c9\u6bd4\uff08M\u016bs\u0101 ibn \u02bfUbayd All\u0101h al-Dimashqi\uff09- \u4ed6\u662f\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u5b66\u548c\u827a\u672f\u7f8e\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f0a\u672c\u2022\u9c81\u4ec0\u5fb7\uff08Ibn Rushd\uff09- \u4ed6\u5bf9\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b66\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6ce8\u89e3\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u7efc\u5408\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u4e49\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.43 \u6c99\u7279\u62c9\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5df4\u62c9\u9a6c\uff08Bh\u0101mati\uff09- \u4ed6\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u6c99\u7279\u62c9\u54f2\u5b66\u6d41\u6d3e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5420\u9640\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u8003\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u6d3e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u57fa\u7763\u5b97\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\u5173\u6ce8\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4ee5\u53ca\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u4f26\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff1b\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u54f2\u5b66\u5728\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\uff1b\u6c99\u7279\u62c9\u54f2\u5b66\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u4eec\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u5bf9\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u540e\u6765\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u6253\u4e0b\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.5 \u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.51 \u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f7c\u7279\u62c9\u514b\uff08Petrarch\uff09- \u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u771f\u7406\u548c\u6062\u590d\u53e4\u4ee3\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6b27\u5185\u65af\u7279\u2022\u5361\u897f\u62c9\u5409\u5965\uff08Erasmus of Rotterdam\uff09- \u4ed6\u9f13\u52b1\u81ea\u7531\u601d\u8003\u3001\u6279\u5224\u793e\u4f1a\u865a\u4f2a\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u5021\u5bf9\u53e4\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.52 \u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c3c\u79d1\u6d1b\u2022\u9a6c\u57fa\u96c5\u7ef4\u5229\uff08Niccol\u00f2 Machiavelli\uff09- \u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u541b\u4e3b\u8bba\u300b\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u548c\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.53 \u793e\u4f1a\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u2022\u83ab\u5c14\uff08Thomas More\uff09- \u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u300b\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u7406\u60f3\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u516c\u6b63\u3001\u5e73\u7b49\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5a01\u5ec9\u2022\u83ab\u91cc\u65af\uff08William Morris\uff09- \u4ed6\u662f19\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u82f1\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5de5\u5320\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u7f8e\u4e0e\u52b3\u52a8\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.54 \u81ea\u7136\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f7c\u5f97\u62c9\u5c14\u514b\u2022\u62c9\u7c73\uff08Pierre Gassendi\uff09- \u4ed6\u5021\u5bfc\u6062\u590d\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u53e4\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4f0a\u58c1\u9e20\u9c81\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u8bba\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7269\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u6d3e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u4eba\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u6ce8\u91cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u548c\u5bf9\u53e4\u4ee3\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1b\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u5173\u6ce8\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u548c\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u793e\u4f1a\u54f2\u5b66\u63a2\u8ba8\u7406\u60f3\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u9769\uff1b\u81ea\u7136\u54f2\u5b66\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u6062\u590d\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u53e4\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u4eec\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u540e\u6765\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.6 \u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.61 \u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f0a\u66fc\u52aa\u5c14\u2022\u5eb7\u5fb7\uff08Immanuel Kant\uff09- \u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u6279\u5224\u300b\u5c06\u7406\u6027\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7406\u6027\u6765\u8ffd\u6c42\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.62 \u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u2022\u6d1b\u514b\uff08John Locke\uff09- \u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u89e3\u8bba\u300b\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u611f\u89c2\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5927\u536b\u2022\u4f11\u8c1f\uff08David Hume\uff09- \u4ed6\u8d28\u7591\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3b\u5f20\u901a\u8fc7\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.63 \u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u2022\u970d\u5e03\u65af\uff08Thomas Hobbes\uff09- \u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5229\u7ef4\u5766\u300b\u4e3b\u5f20\u4eba\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u653f\u5e9c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u547d\u548c\u8d22\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba9-\u96c5\u514b\u2022\u5362\u68ad\uff08Jean-Jacques Rousseau\uff09- \u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\u300b\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2a\u4f53\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u5e94\u8be5\u6765\u81ea\u4eba\u6c11\u610f\u613f\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.64 \u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6770\u91cc\u7c73\u2022\u8fb9\u6c81\uff08Jeremy Bentham\uff09- \u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f20\u8ffd\u6c42\u6700\u5927\u5e78\u798f\u6700\u5927\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u2022\u65af\u56fe\u4e9a\u7279\u2022\u5bc6\u5c14\uff08John Stuart Mill\uff09- \u4ed6\u5728\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u5bf9\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u6d3e\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u6ce8\u91cd\u7406\u6027\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u666e\u904d\u771f\u7406\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\uff1b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u91cd\u89c6\u611f\u89c9\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff1b\u793e\u4f1a\u5951\u7ea6\u8bba\u5173\u6ce8\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\u529f\u5229\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f3a\u8c03\u8ffd\u6c42\u6700\u5927\u5e78\u798f\u6700\u5927\u5316\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5bf9\u6b27\u6d32\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8bba\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.7 \u8fd1\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.71 \u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f0a\u66fc\u52aa\u5c14\u00b7\u5eb7\u5fb7\uff08Immanuel Kant\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5021\u5bfc\u6279\u5224\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u8ba4\u8bc6\u53d7\u5230\u611f\u6027\u548c\u7406\u6027\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u9053\u5fb7\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u4eba\u7684\u5c0a\u4e25\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u6208\u7279\u5229\u5e03\u00b7\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\uff08Johann Gottlieb Fichte\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u5eb7\u5fb7\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u6211\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4f53\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u6d3b\u52a8\u521b\u9020\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u683c\u5965\u5c14\u683c\u00b7\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u00b7\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\uff08Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u501f\u9274\u4e86\u5eb7\u5fb7\u548c\u8d39\u5e0c\u7279\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\u548c\u7edd\u5bf9\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u771f\u7406\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.72 \u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f17\u6717\u8328\u00b7\u51af\u7279\u6797\uff08Franz von Baader\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u54f2\u5b66\u5e94\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u00b7\u65af\u5948\u5c14\uff08Friedrich Schleiermacher\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u6d6a\u6f2b\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.73 \u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\uff08Karl Marx\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u7ecf\u6d4e\u57fa\u7840\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u00b7\u6069\u683c\u65af\uff08Friedrich Engels\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u4e0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\u4e86\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.74 \u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\uff08Martin Heidegger\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u5173\u6ce8\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u601d\u8003\u548c\u5bf9\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u6027\u7684\u9762\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba9-\u4fdd\u7f57\u00b7\u8428\u7279\uff08Jean-Paul Sartre\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f20\u4eba\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4f18\u5148\u4e8e\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u5148\u4e8e\u672c\u8d28\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7269\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u6d3e\u548c\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u552f\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\u5173\u6ce8\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u6027\u548c\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\u5f3a\u8c03\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u552f\u7269\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\u63a2\u8ba8\u7ecf\u6d4e\u57fa\u7840\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\u5173\u6ce8\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u4eec\u4e3a\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.8 \u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.81 \u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b66\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f2f\u7279\u5170\u00b7\u7f57\u7d20\uff08Bertrand Russell\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b66\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u901a\u8fc7\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u5206\u6790\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u54f2\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8def\u5fb7\u7ef4\u5e0c\u00b7\u7ef4\u7279\u6839\u65af\u5766\uff08Ludwig Wittgenstein\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u73b0\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u9650\u5236\u548c\u6e38\u620f\u8bba\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.82 \u5b9e\u5728\u8bba\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u6d77\u5fb7\u683c\u5c14\uff08Martin Heidegger\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u5173\u6ce8\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u5148\u4e8e\u672c\u8d28\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba9-\u4fdd\u7f57\u00b7\u8428\u7279\uff08Jean-Paul Sartre\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eba\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4f18\u5148\u4e8e\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.83 \u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u540e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u514b\u52b3\u5fb7\u00b7\u83b1\u7ef4-\u65af\u7279\u52b3\u65af\uff08Claude Levi-Strauss\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u7b26\u53f7\u548c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7c73\u6b47\u5c14\u00b7\u798f\u67ef\uff08Michel Foucault\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6743\u529b\u77e5\u8bc6\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u6743\u529b\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5386\u53f2\u6027\u548c\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u5bf9\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.84 \u6279\u5224\u7406\u8bba\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8d6b\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\uff08Herbert Marcuse\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8bba\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u73b0\u4ee3\u5de5\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5316\u548c\u538b\u8feb\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u653e\u7406\u8bba\u6765\u63a8\u52a8\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u9769\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c3c\u514b\u62c9\u65af\u00b7\u5362\u68ad\uff08Nikolas Luhmann\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bba\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u793e\u4f1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3.85 \u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4e3b\u4e49\u6d41\u6d3e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u591a\u5a01\uff08John Dewey\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u6ce2\u666e\u5c14\uff08Karl Popper\uff09\uff1a\u4ed6\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u53cd\u8bc1\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u5e94\u8be5\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u8bc1\u4f2a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7269\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u6d41\u6d3e\u548c\u601d\u6f6e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u5206\u6790\u54f2\u5b66\u5173\u6ce8\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5b9e\u5728\u8bba\u63a2\u8ba8\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u540e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u7814\u7a76\u7b26\u53f7\u548c\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8bba\u5173\u6ce8\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f3a\u8c03\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u4eec\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u5404\u9636\u6bb5\u54f2\u5b66\u4e66\u7c4d\u63a8\u8350<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u54f2\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u4e24\u672c\u6700\u7ecf\u5178\u548c\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u8457\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4.1 \u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u300a\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u662f\u4e9a\u91cc\u58eb\u591a\u5fb7\u54f2\u5b66\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u5b9e\u5728\u548c\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bf9\u540e\u4e16\u54f2\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u300a\u7406\u60f3\u56fd\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u662f\u67cf\u62c9\u56fe\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6b63\u4e49\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7406\u60f3\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5f15\u5bfc\u4eba\u4eec\u601d\u7d22\u771f\u7406\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4.2 \u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5723\u5965\u53e4\u65af\u4e01\u300a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e4b\u57ce\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u96c6\u4e2d\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u795e\u5723\u548c\u6076\u4e0e\u7f6a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u963f\u594e\u90a3\u300a\u795e\u5b66\u5927\u5168\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u5de8\u8457\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u795e\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u548c\u4f26\u7406\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4.3 \u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c3c\u5404\u8001\u00b7\u9a6c\u57fa\u96c5\u7ef4\u5229\u300a\u541b\u4e3b\u8bba\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u548c\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u5bf9\u653f\u6cbb\u54f2\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u57fa\u5965\u00b7\u5e03\u9c81\u8bfa\u300a\u65e0\u9650\u5b87\u5b99\u4e0e\u65e0\u6570\u4e16\u754c\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u5b87\u5b99\u548c\u65e0\u9650\u6027\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u5b87\u5b99\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4.4 \u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u300a\u7b2c\u4e00\u54f2\u5b66\u6c89\u601d\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u4ee5\u201c\u6211\u601d\u6545\u6211\u5728\u201d\uff08Cogito, ergo sum\uff09\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u8ba4\u8bc6\u548c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u300a\u54f2\u5b66\u5b57\u5178\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u4ee5\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5404\u4e2a\u54f2\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5bf9\u542f\u8499\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u542f\u53d1\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u666e\u53ca\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4.5 \u8fd1\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5361\u5c14\u2022\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u300a\u8d44\u672c\u8bba\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8457\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u8d44\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u300a\u8d44\u672c\u8bba\u300b\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7406\u8bba\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5f53\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u6279\u5224\u548c\u9769\u547d\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8ba9-\u4fdd\u7f57\u2022\u8428\u7279\u300a\u5b58\u5728\u4e0e\u865a\u65e0\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u8d23\u4efb\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u8428\u7279\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u5b58\u5728\u5148\u4e8e\u672c\u8d28\u201d\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5bf9\u540e\u4e16\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u548c\u6587\u5316\u601d\u6f6e\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4.6 \u5f53\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c3c\u91c7\u300a\u67e5\u62c9\u56fe\u65af\u7279\u62c9\u5982\u662f\u8bf4\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u4f5c\u54c1\u4ee5\u5bd3\u8a00\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u5c3c\u91c7\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u8d85\u8d8a\u4f20\u7edf\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8d1d\u5c14\u683c\u68ee\u300a\u7269\u8d28\u4e0e\u8bb0\u5fc6\u300b\uff1a\u8fd9\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b58\u5728\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5fc3\u7075\u54f2\u5b66\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5404\u4e2a\u54f2\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\u6700\u5177\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5bf9\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u540e\u4e16\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u63a2\u7d22\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff08\u66f4\u591a\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u6ce8\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff1a\u77e5\u767d\u6e38\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e 2023-07-30 00:46\u30fbIP \u5c5e\u5730\u6d59\u6c5f<br><a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/646797048\">https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/646797048<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u76ee\u5f55 \u4e00\u3001\u897f\u65b9\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u7b80\u4ecb \u795e\u8bdd\u65f6\u4ee3\uff1a \u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u54f2\u5b66\uff08\u516c\u5143\u524d6\u4e16\u7eaa &#8211; \u516c\u5143\u524d4\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff1a \u53e4\u7f57\u9a6c\u54f2\u5b66\uff08 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9005","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9005"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9005\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9005"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9005"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.invbus.com\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}