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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u533b\u5b66\u548c\u751f\u7269\u6280\u672f\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u5e76\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u505c\u6ede\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8fdb\u5c55\u653e\u7f13\u548c\u671f\u671b\u51cf\u5c11\u7684\u8ff9\u8c61\u4e5f\u6bd4\u6bd4\u7686\u662f\u30021970\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u627f\u8bfa\u5728\u516d\u5e74\u5185\u6218\u80dc\u764c\u75c7\uff1b\u56db\u5341\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u4eec\u8ddd\u79bb\u76ee\u6807\u66f4\u8fd1\u4e8641\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u80dc\u5229\u4f9d\u7136\u9065\u4e0d\u53ef\u53ca\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u8fdc\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u4eec\u5c06\u66f4\u96be\u8bf4\u670d\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u52a0\u6000\u7591\u7684\u516c\u4f17\uff0c\u53d1\u52a8\u4e00\u573a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c5\u6218\u5f79\u2014\u2014\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd1\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd85\u5c81\u8001\u4eba\u60a3\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u75f4\u5446\u75c7\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7537\u6027\u7684\u9884\u671f\u5bff\u547d\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c97\u7565\u7684\u8861\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u4f46\u589e\u901f\u6709\u6240\u653e\u7f13\uff0c\u4ece1970\u5e74\u768467.1\u5c81\u589e\u52a0\u52301990\u5e74\u768471.8\u5c81\uff0c\u518d\u52302010\u5e74\u768475.6\u5c81\u3002\u5c55\u671b\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u836f\u54c1\u7814\u53d1\u7ba1\u7ebf\u4e2d\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c11\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u78c5\u201d\u836f\u7269\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aFDA\u7684\u987d\u56fa\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u751f\u7269\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u8f6f\u5f31\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u672a\u6765\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5236\u836f\u516c\u53f8\u5c06\u5931\u53bb\u5927\u7ea6\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u6536\u5165\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e13\u5229\u5373\u5c06\u5230\u671f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u626d\u66f2\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6e05\u7b97\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5341\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\u6210\u679c\u751a\u5fae\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u90e8\u95e8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n III. \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u5207\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8131\u94a9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u672a\u6765\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u4f1f\u5927\u5e0c\u671b\u3002\u4fe1\u606f\u6280\u672f\u7684\u52a0\u901f\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df\u7684\u653e\u7f13\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u9c9c\u660e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u3002\u6469\u5c14\u5b9a\u5f8b\u2014\u2014\u5373\u6bcf18\u523024\u4e2a\u6708\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u82af\u7247\u4e0a\u80fd\u88c5\u8f7d\u7684\u6676\u4f53\u7ba1\u6570\u91cf\u5c06\u7ffb\u4e00\u756a\u2014\u2014\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u6469\u5c14\u672c\u4eba\uff09\u57281965\u5e74\u65f6\u7684\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u4e86\u6bd4\u9884\u60f3\u66f4\u4e45\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5927\u578b\u673a\u5230\u4e2a\u4eba\u7535\u8111\uff0c\u518d\u5230\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff0c\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u5730\u524d\u8fdb\u3002\u52302011\u5e74\uff0c\u624b\u673a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e861969\u5e74\u6574\u4e2a\u963f\u6ce2\u7f57\u592a\u7a7a\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4ece\u5e15\u6d1b\u963f\u5c14\u6258\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u56de\u52301999\u5e74\u90a3\u4e2a\u6d3e\u5bf9\u5e74\u4f3c\u4e4e\u51e0\u4e4e\u89e6\u624b\u53ef\u53ca\u3002\u6240\u6709\u95ea\u95ea\u53d1\u5149\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90fd\u662f\u771f\u91d1\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u6709\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u7684\u65b0\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u521d\u521b\u516c\u53f8\u542f\u52a8\uff0cWeb 2.0\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4f30\u503c\u98d9\u5347\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u6beb\u65e0\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u5e74\u5927\u7ea6\u6709\u4e24\u5230\u516d\u5bb6\u65b0\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u4f1a\u5728\u6210\u7acb\u540e\u7684\u4e94\u5e74\u5185\u7a81\u7834\u5341\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u4f30\u503c\u533a\u95f4\u3002\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u65b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u65b0\u751f\uff0c\u8c37\u6b4c\u5f15\u9886\u4e86\u5411\u6700\u9876\u5c16\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u85aa\u8d44\u51e0\u4e4e\u7ffb\u500d\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u53d8\u5316\u4ec5\u4ec5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e09\u5e74\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u91d1\u94b1\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u9700\u770b\u5f97\u66f4\u8fdc\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u770b\u770b\u300a\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc\u300b\u8fd9\u90e8\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u4fbf\u53ef\u89c1Facebook\u53ca\u51767.5\u4ebf\u7528\u6237\u5982\u4f55\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\u7cbe\u795e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u5207\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u7684\u8131\u94a9\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u8fdc\u591a\u4e8e\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u4e14\u51e0\u4e4e\u672a\u80fd\u63ed\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u7684\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u8d85\u7ea7\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u521b\u9020\u5168\u65b0\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4ef7\u503c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u6210\u4e3a\u91cd\u5851\u73b0\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u6b66\u5668\u2014\u2014\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u754c\u90a3\u79cd\u201c\u4ee5\u7259\u8fd8\u7259\u3001\u4ee5\u722a\u8fd8\u722a\u201d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\uff1f\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u8861\u91cf\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e0e\u5355\u7eaf\u53d8\u5316\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1f\u4e24\u8005\u5404\u6709\u591a\u5c11\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n IV. \u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u8d44\u548c\u6536\u5165\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u505c\u6ede<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 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\u975e\u5de5\u8d44\u6027\u798f\u5229\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u9669\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5927\u7ea6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5de5\u4eba2,600\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u81ea1973\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u6bcf\u5e74\u589e\u52a00.2%\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4f4e\u4f30\u4e86\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u6bcf\u5e74\u4ec50.9\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e73\u5747\u5de5\u8d44\u548c\u798f\u5229\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u524d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u4f01\u4e1a\u5229\u6da6\u4eceGDP\u76849%\u589e\u52a0\u523012%\u2014\u2014\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u663e\u8457\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5938\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u57281980\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5973\u6027\u88ab\u96c7\u4f63\uff0c\u800c\u57282000\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u5219\u88ab\u89e3\u96c7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u8f83\u597d\uff0c\u800c\u9ad8\u4e2d\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u5219\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u5dee\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5230\u4e862000\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u90fd\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u5dee\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u8d39\u6025\u5267\u4e0a\u6da8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u5168\u7403\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u548c\u5546\u54c1\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u4fbf\u5b9c\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5267\u6709\u9650\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u6765\u4f24\u5bb3\u4e86\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u81ea\u7531\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u5021\u5bfc\u8005\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6548\u5e94\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u7ecf\u6d4e\u8fdb\u6b65\u53ef\u80fd\u6ede\u540e\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u6280\u672f\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4f4638\u5e74\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 20\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u524d\u666f\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u57281967\u5e74\u7545\u9500\u4e66\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6311\u6218\u300b\uff08The American Challenge\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba9-\u96c5\u514b\u00b7\u585e\u5c14\u65fa-\u65bd\u8d56\u4f2f\uff08Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u5c06\u6269\u5927\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u52302000\u5e74\uff0c\u201c\u540e\u5de5\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6392\u540d\u5c06\u662f\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u3001\u745e\u5178\u3002\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u3002\u201d 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VI. \u201c\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4fa7\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u201d\uff08supply-side economics\uff09\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u662f\u201c\u51ef\u6069\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 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\u5bf9\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u653f\u7b56\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5173\u6ce8\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u662f\u201c\u51ef\u6069\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\uff08Keynesianism\uff09\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u6885\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u51ef\u6069\u65af\uff08John Maynard Keynes\uff09\u624d\u534e\u6a2a\u6ea2\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u603b\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u865a\u4f2a\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8d22\u653f\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7eb8\u5e01\u5370\u5237\u4e2d\u603b\u6709\u4e9b\u5de7\u5999\u7684\u6b3a\u9a97\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6b3a\u9a97\u5947\u602a\u5730\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5e74\u4ee3\u91cc\u4f3c\u4e4e\u594f\u6548\u4e86\u3002\uff0820\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u79d1\u6280\u548c\u6280\u672f\u987a\u98ce\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u9519\u4f4d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\uff09\u5373\u4fbf\u57281930\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5927\u8427\u6761\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u521b\u65b0\u4e5f\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u65b0\u5174\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5982\u5e7f\u64ad\u3001\u7535\u5f71\u3001\u822a\u7a7a\u3001\u5bb6\u7528\u7535\u5668\u3001\u805a\u5408\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u4e8c\u6b21\u91c7\u6cb9\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4eec\u72af\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u7f57\u65af\u798f\u65b0\u653f\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u8005\u4ecd\u7136\u5927\u529b\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 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\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u53f3\u6d3e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4ece\u6770\u514b\u00b7\u80af\u666e\uff08Jack Kemp\uff09\u7684\u4e50\u89c2\u4e3b\u4e49\u5230\u7f57\u6069\u00b7\u4fdd\u7f57\uff08Ron Paul\uff09\u7684\u60b2\u89c2\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ece\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4fa7\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5230\u8336\u515a\uff0c\u4ece\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u51cf\u7a0e\u4e0e\u66f4\u591a\u652f\u51fa\u7ed3\u5408\u5230\u8ba4\u4e3a\u94b1\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u5047\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8c03\u76ae\u7684\u4eba\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u95ee\uff0c\u201c\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4fa7\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u201d\uff08supply-side economics\uff09\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u662f\u201c\u51ef\u6069\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u627f\u8ba4\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u51cf\u7a0e\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e9f\u9700\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684\u6570\u767e\u5ea7\u65b0\u6838\u53cd\u5e94\u5806\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n VII. \u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u65e0\u4f11\u6b62\u865a\u5047\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5ffd\u89c6\u6280\u672f\u653e\u7f13\u5982\u6b64\u4e4b\u4e45\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 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Moses\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u548c60\u5e74\u4ee3\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u7684\u5927\u5efa\u8bbe\u8005\uff09\u6216\u5965\u65af\u5361\u00b7\u5c3c\u8fc8\u8036\uff08Oscar Niemeyer\uff0c\u5df4\u897f\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u4f1f\u5927\u5efa\u7b51\u5e08\uff09\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u4eba\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u6709\u7740\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u7ef4\u591a\u5229\u4e9a\u5f0f\u7684\u623f\u5c4b\uff08Victorian 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